Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC)

Acetyl-l-carnitine (commonly abbreviated to ALC) is a naturally occurring amino acid. Acetyl-l-carnitine is found in many parts of the body and transports fats into the mitochondria. A number of common foods, and particularly dairy produce, contain Acetyl-l-carnitine.

Acetyl-l-carnitine has beneficial effects on those prone to depression and stroke, increases neuronal protection, and enhances the action of the mitochondria. Clinical trials have shown that ALC increases blood oxygenation, inhibits oxygen starvation, and restores blood pressure (especially beneficial for patients with or susceptible to heart failure).

Acetyl-l-carnitines efficacy has been proven in human clinical trials, particularly in Italy where it is used to treat age-related mental decline and senile dementias such as Alzheimer's disease. The effect of ALC, when used as an anti-aging product, is slightly stimulating. Acetyl-l-carnitine also improves mood, enhances alertness, and speeds up reaction times.

ALC has been shown to protect the brain by nourishing NMDA-sensitive glutamate receptors, which, with age, decline in effectiveness. One study suggests that ALC has a neuroprotective and neurotrophic effect. It helps s prevent the formation of lipofuscin, a potassium pigment (see centrophenoxine for more details). It also increases cerebral blood flow and has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerosis. Long-term administration helped to improve spatial memory in rats. The human trials in Italy, patients with age- related mental decline used doses of 1,500mg a day. Effects included enhanced cognitive ability and motor activity, less depression and an improved social life for those involved. Doses as low as 500mg per day have been shown to be of benefit to the elderly.

DOSAGE

500mg one to three times a day. Patients with Alzheimer's disease have been known to use up to 3g per day (in divided doses).